Fastbridge benchmark scores 2022 2023 - Aug 29, 2023 · CBMreading English measures a student’s accuracy, automaticity, and prosody while reading out loud. It is recommended for monitoring the progress of students working toward grade-level reading goals in grades 1 through 12 because it is a highly sensitive measure of a student’s overall reading skills. Numerous research studies have ...

 
Renaissance Star Assessments Features. Supported: Renaissance Star is supported by 93 scientific research studies and reviews on its reliability and validity. Supported: Student Growth Percentile (SGP) is Renaissance Star 360’s® measure for growth data, even as summative exams and benchmarks change.. Myinsight macy

This means that districts and open enrollment charters can use either of these tools to conduct the required beginning-of-year literacy screening for the 2022-2023 and 2023-2024 school years. Click on an assessment name below to see more information directly from the publishers about the two Commissioner-approved kindergarten literacy instruments.The ACT reports College Readiness Benchmark Scores – A benchmark score is the minimum score needed on an ACT subject-area test to indicate a 50% chance of obtaining a B or higher or about a 75% chance of obtaining a C or higher in the correspondingThe FastBridge earlyReading assessment is an effective screening tool for schools identifying students who are at-risk readers, including those with dyslexia or other reading disabilities. Using earlyReading supports early identification and intervention efforts for supporting these students.With this report, educators can identify students who are “beating the odds” for their start score. For example, a student with a start score or initial screening score in the At Risk category, but whose ROI percentile rank is 70, is growing as well as or better than 70% of students in that group.The Unified Scale score range applies to both English and Spanish versions of the Star programs and ranges from 0 to approximately 1400; Star Early Literacy scores range from 200–1100 and Star Reading (and Star Math) range from 600–1400. To support the use of the scales, in Dashboards, the "Star Scale" is labeled as the "Star Enterprise ...Aug 15, 2023 · In the FastBridge system, scores at the 40th and 15th percentile ranks have been identified as the default benchmark levels. The resulting score ranges are described in relation to different levels of risk. Low risk. Students whose screening score is at or above the 40th percentile on FastBridge assessments are very likely to meet later ... Fastbridge Scoring Criteria. The FastBridge default Benchmark settings are based on the national norms and. correspond to the following percentile ranges. High Risk: Below the 15th percentile. Some Risk: 15th – 39th percentile. Low Risk: 40th – 99th percentile.Test Takers Mean Score Met Benchmarks Test Takers Mean Score Met Benchmarks Number Percent Total ERW Math Both ERW Math None Total Took Essay¹ 18% 40% 57% 31% 81% 59% 56% 30% 549 473 574 510 1123 983 13,196 7% 190,427 Test Takers Mean Score Met Benchmarks Data reflect SAT test activity for students who graduated high school in 2022.Mastery View Predictive Assessment (MC Benchmark) - English 2, Algebra 1, Biology 1, U.S. History: Semester 1: September 26-30 Semester 1: November 14-18 Semester 2: February 27-March 3 Semester 2: April 24-28: 9-12 (Identified Students) ACCESS for ELLs (English Language Proficiency Assessment) Alternate ACCESS for ELLs: January 23-March 10* 9 ... For example, if the benchmark is 144 and the student score is 144, the student performed below benchmark. If the student scored 145, the student is above the benchmark. FAST Benchmarks. Note for 2022-23: Looking for the quick reference document?Iowa schools are required to select a state approved literacy assessment for each K-6 grade level. That assessment is set as the default literacy assessment for the school year and is used for data reporting for Healthy Indicators and Early Literacy Implementation (ELI) requirements. For districts who utilize FastBridge math assessments, you ...Apr 21, 2017 · The FastBridge Learning system has established default benchmark levels at the 15th and 40th percentile ranks based on a national database of student scores. School districts can select different benchmark levels to be applied to all students over an entire school year. FastBridge Learning recommends three screening periods a year: Fall, Winter and Spring, and provides three corresponding sets of benchmarks, norms and composites. If you are using FastBridge over the summer, a fourth screening period should be added. FastBridge allows up to five screening periods. If you need more than three periods, you should ...New Progress Monitoring Setup Form. Can I Create Progress Monitoring Groups? New Progress Monitoring Form Email Template; Before Setting up a Progress Monitoring Plan (New Form) NWEA is a research-based, mission-driven organization that supports students and educators worldwide by creating assessment and learning solutions that precisely measure growth and proficiency—and provide trustworthy insights to help tailor instruction. Check out our easy-to-use resources. Viewpoint – Data to Decisions QuicklyProgress Monitoring. Bug. There was an issue causing the intervention name on a particular student plan to not save between the old and new progress monitoring setup forms. This has been resolved; if a plan was created in a different setup form, the intervention name will show as it should. AST-3278. School-Level Screening Reports. Quickly and easily identify at-risk students, create MTSS groupings, and make recommendations for instruction and interventions to help classrooms get back on track. Group Screening Report. Group Growth Report. Impact Report.Grade 3 children undergo MAP Testing on their academic progress at the ages of 8-9 years. A computerized, adaptive test, the assessment is based on the Common Core Curriculum followed by a majority of US schools. It assesses the student on the material they have covered in their specific grade.Aug 15, 2023 · In the FastBridge system, scores at the 40th and 15th percentile ranks have been identified as the default benchmark levels. The resulting score ranges are described in relation to different levels of risk. Low risk. Students whose screening score is at or above the 40th percentile on FastBridge assessments are very likely to meet later ... May 20, 2021 · You’ll notice all other scores, like percentile rank (PR), don’t change when you update to the Star Unified Scale. Due to state-level contracts, educators in some states (i.e., Florida and Mississippi) will not see the default scale change to the Star Unified Scale until the 2022–2023 school year. Aug 30, 2023 · FastBridge Learning recommends three screening periods a year: Fall, Winter and Spring, and provides three corresponding sets of benchmarks, norms and composites. If you are using FastBridge over the summer, a fourth screening period should be added. FastBridge allows up to five screening periods. If you need more than three periods, you should ... The FastBridge adaptive assessments for reading and math reduce testing time by up to 50-95% when compared with traditional screeners. Our extensive research has enabled the aReading test of 30 to 60 items to replace a traditional test of about 100 items with equal or greater accuracy and actionable results. A score at or above the benchmark indicates that the odds are in the student’s favor of achieving the next benchmark, but it is not a guarantee. For example, if students at or above the benchmark have an 85% chance of meeting the next benchmark, that means that 15% of students in the At or Above Benchmark range may not achieve the subsequent ...DIBELS 8th Edition. DIBELS 8th Edition is a set of short (one minute) fluency measures that can be used for universal screening, benchmark assessment, and progress monitoring in Kindergarten to 8th grade. DIBELS 8th Edition provides educators with standards for gauging the progress of all students. Test Takers Mean Score Met Benchmarks Test Takers Mean Score Met Benchmarks Number Percent Total ERW Math Both ERW Math None Total Took Essay¹ 18% 40% 57% 31% 81% 59% 56% 30% 549 473 574 510 1123 983 13,196 7% 190,427 Test Takers Mean Score Met Benchmarks Data reflect SAT test activity for students who graduated high school in 2022.Mastery View Predictive Assessment (MC Benchmark) - English 2, Algebra 1, Biology 1, U.S. History: Semester 1: September 26-30 Semester 1: November 14-18 Semester 2: February 27-March 3 Semester 2: April 24-28: 9-12 (Identified Students) ACCESS for ELLs (English Language Proficiency Assessment) Alternate ACCESS for ELLs: January 23-March 10* 9 ...Table 23: Grade 1 Percentiles for FAST aMath Assessment Score Metric Grade Percentile Fall Winter Spring FAST aMath Scale Score 1 1 167 176 179These are noted in FAST as “!” or “!!” when students are at some risk (!) or high risk (!!). FastBridge Reports display students’ scores, risk levels according to benchmark targets, local norms, and more–all in one convenient report. FastBridge benchmarks are not based on the scores of students in the school or district. Rather ...Note for 2022-23: Looking for the quick reference document? The document was created by a non-FastBridge/non-IA Department of Education source and will no longer be available due to the lack of capacity to maintain and ensure the accuracy.Jun 21, 2022 · FastBridge Fiber will start construction on the network this fall, with internet and transport data services becoming available to residents and businesses in some areas in late 2022 2 days ago · Follow. To assist teachers with understanding their students’ aReading scores, the attached interpretation guide organizes score information by score ranges, skill categories, and skill descriptions with accompanying instructional recommendations. Starting in the 2018-2019 school year the aReading reports will provide skills information based ... Scores below these numbers indicate a student who is “At Risk” for future reading difficulty. Vendor Assessment Title Grade Level Threshold Level(s) Fall Score Winter Score Spring Score Fastbridge FAST. TM. aReading K 386 417 437 Fastbridge FAST. TM. aReading 1 435 455 468 Fastbridge FAST. TM. aReading 2 469 481 490 The following interim assessments were approved for use to meet the requirements of the READ Act through the end of the 2022-2023 school year. Please visit READ Act Approved Assessments to access the most current list of READ Act Interim Assessments. Please note: For access to historical cut score documents, please contact [email protected] for 2022-23: Looking for the quick reference document? The document was created by a non-FastBridge/non-IA Department of Education source and will no longer be available due to the lack of capacity to maintain and ensure the accuracy.Aug 24, 2023 · Note for 2022-23: Looking for the quick reference document? The document was created by a non-FastBridge/non-IA Department of Education source and will no longer be available due to the lack of capacity to maintain and ensure the accuracy. This means that districts and open enrollment charters can use either of these tools to conduct the required beginning-of-year literacy screening for the 2022-2023 and 2023-2024 school years. Click on an assessment name below to see more information directly from the publishers about the two Commissioner-approved kindergarten literacy instruments.A score at or above the benchmark indicates that the odds are in the student’s favor of achieving the next benchmark, but it is not a guarantee. For example, if students at or above the benchmark have an 85% chance of meeting the next benchmark, that means that 15% of students in the At or Above Benchmark range may not achieve the subsequent ... Viewpoint – Data to Decisions QuicklyThe FastBridge Learning system has established default benchmark levels at the 15th and 40th percentile ranks based on a national database of student scores. School districts can select different benchmark levels to be applied to all students over an entire school year.We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Fastbridge Benchmarks Benchmarks are scores that indicate the student’s risk of performing below a future (usually the end-of-year) performance target. FastBridge defines two (or three) benchmark cut-scores for each assessment in each season and grade, resulting in three (or four) levels of risk. Fastbridge Scoring Criteria. The FastBridge default Benchmark settings are based on the national norms and. correspond to the following percentile ranges. High Risk: Below the 15th percentile. Some Risk: 15th – 39th percentile. Low Risk: 40th – 99th percentile.Star Diagnostic Report. The Diagnostic report provides assessment data for individual students. It helps teachers identify areas of students’ strengths and weaknesses. The report includes such scores as Scaled Score (SS), Percentile Rank (PR), Instructional Reading Level (IRL), and Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD).In the FastBridge system, scores at the 40th and 15th percentile ranks have been identified as the default benchmark levels. The resulting score ranges are described in relation to different levels of risk. Low risk. Students whose screening score is at or above the 40th percentile on FastBridge assessments are very likely to meet later ...Aug 30, 2023 · Any other accommodations should be listed on the student's IEP. - CBM assessments, available via paper and pencil, can be taken as needed for any reason. - Text Magnification. - Sound Amplification. - Extra Breaks. - Preferential Seating and Use of Quiet Space. - Proxy Responses. - Extended Time (for aReading, aMath, and the untimed portions of ... FastBridge has pre-selected the specific assessments to use based on their capacity to predict future student math performance and indicate what type of math instruction is needed now. After students complete both the specific and general math assessments, the teacher can view the scores and see recommended math instruction plans using the ... The Connecticut Smarter Balanced Assessment for students in Grades 3 through 8. The Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) assessment for students in Grades 5, 8, and 11. The Connecticut SAT School Day for students in Grade 11. - The Connecticut Alternate Assessment of English Language Proficiency (CAAELP) for eligible students in Grades K-12. May 20, 2021 · You’ll notice all other scores, like percentile rank (PR), don’t change when you update to the Star Unified Scale. Due to state-level contracts, educators in some states (i.e., Florida and Mississippi) will not see the default scale change to the Star Unified Scale until the 2022–2023 school year. NWEA is a research-based, mission-driven organization that supports students and educators worldwide by creating assessment and learning solutions that precisely measure growth and proficiency—and provide trustworthy insights to help tailor instruction. Check out our easy-to-use resources. FastBridge – Illuminate Education Oklahoma State Department of Education | Updated August 2022 5 Grade Level Targets The following information is provided by FastBridge Learning to assist in interpreting student scores. For more in-depth explanation, please refer to the FAST Technical Manual provided by the publisher. FastBridge is the only assessment solution to combine Computer-Adaptive Testing (CAT) with Curriculum-Based Measures (CBM) for academics and SEB. A combined offering of reading, math and social-emotional behavior for grades K-12. Research-based universal screening, diagnostic reporting, and progress monitoring tools. DIBELS 8th Edition. DIBELS 8th Edition is a set of short (one minute) fluency measures that can be used for universal screening, benchmark assessment, and progress monitoring in Kindergarten to 8th grade. DIBELS 8th Edition provides educators with standards for gauging the progress of all students.Viewpoint – Data to Decisions QuicklyNew Progress Monitoring Setup Form. Can I Create Progress Monitoring Groups? New Progress Monitoring Form Email Template; Before Setting up a Progress Monitoring Plan (New Form)FastBridge math assessments combine research-based Computer Adaptive Tests (CAT) for universal screening and highly sensitive Curriculum-Based Measures (CBM) for progress monitoring to quickly deliver accurate, actionable data. User-friendly reports help educators target the right math skills with the right instruction and move students toward ...Grade 3 children undergo MAP Testing on their academic progress at the ages of 8-9 years. A computerized, adaptive test, the assessment is based on the Common Core Curriculum followed by a majority of US schools. It assesses the student on the material they have covered in their specific grade.The FastBridge adaptive assessments for reading and math reduce testing time by up to 50-95% when compared with traditional screeners. Our extensive research has enabled the aReading test of 30 to 60 items to replace a traditional test of about 100 items with equal or greater accuracy and actionable results. Aug 15, 2023 · In the FastBridge system, scores at the 40th and 15th percentile ranks have been identified as the default benchmark levels. The resulting score ranges are described in relation to different levels of risk. Low risk. Students whose screening score is at or above the 40th percentile on FastBridge assessments are very likely to meet later ... May 30, 2022 · What is illuminate FastBridge? FastBridge is the only universal screening, diagnostic reporting, and progress monitoring tool to combine Computer-Adaptive Testing (CAT) with Curriculum-Based Measures (CBM) for reading, math and social-emotional behavior. A combined offering of reading, math and social-emotional behavior for grades K-12. If the state id is different, check with your district’s SRI data person to confirm which of the ids is correct for state reporting and provide that information. 7. Share the student’s scores with district/building staff who need it for decision making until the correction is made in FastBridge. If the score is missing because it was ...New Progress Monitoring Setup Form. Can I Create Progress Monitoring Groups? New Progress Monitoring Form Email Template; Before Setting up a Progress Monitoring Plan (New Form) 2023-2024 Kansas Assessment Program Overview: Quick reference for all Kansas state assessment testing windows. Acronyms and Abbreviations: A list of acronyms and accommodations associated with Kansas state assessments. Assessment Resources and Contacts: List of resources and contacts to support state assessment administration.Jul 29, 2023 · 57.9%. Zen 3. 6 / 12. 3.6 / 4.2. 65W. Ryzen 5 5500. We have two rankings for each chip, based on 1080p and 1440p CPU gaming benchmarks. We conducted these tests in Windows 11. The most powerful ... Aug 24, 2023 · Note for 2022-23: Looking for the quick reference document? The document was created by a non-FastBridge/non-IA Department of Education source and will no longer be available due to the lack of capacity to maintain and ensure the accuracy. Approved Assessments 2022-2023 . This form provides general information about this approved assessment and the information is used by districts to consider before directly contacting providers about potential local procurements. Provider Information Name of Product: FastBridge aMath Name of Vendor: Illuminate Education, Inc.FAST aReading Scale Score K 93 443 466 480 FAST aReading Scale Score K 94 445 469 481 FAST aReading Scale Score K 95 447 472 482 FAST aReading Scale Score K 96 450 474 485 FAST aReading Scale Score K 97 453 476 487 FAST aReading Scale Score K 98 457 479 491 FAST aReading Scale Score K 99 469 485 499 ©2019. FastBridge Learning. All Rights ...The FastBridge Learning suite of assessments was adopted previously and continues to be available to all Iowa schools to meet ELI requirements. FastBridge Learning K-6 literacy assessments are available at no cost to all public school districts and interested nonpublic schools that have the necessary technology to support implementation.Scores below these numbers indicate a student who is “At Risk” for future reading difficulty. Vendor Assessment Title Grade Level Threshold Level(s) Fall Score Winter Score Spring Score Fastbridge FAST. TM. aReading K 386 417 437 Fastbridge FAST. TM. aReading 1 435 455 468 Fastbridge FAST. TM. aReading 2 469 481 490May 30, 2022 · What is illuminate FastBridge? FastBridge is the only universal screening, diagnostic reporting, and progress monitoring tool to combine Computer-Adaptive Testing (CAT) with Curriculum-Based Measures (CBM) for reading, math and social-emotional behavior. A combined offering of reading, math and social-emotional behavior for grades K-12. 2022. FastBridge Reading Benchmarks . Fall 2021 and Fall 2022. High Risk. ... scores for 2021-2022 A-F school letter grades. October 17th, 2022. SBE votes to approveThe spring Benchmark score represents a student’s End of Year (EOY) goal or level of achievement. FastBridge has default benchmark settings for each assessment in order to aid in identifying instructional needs. The default benchmark settings are: High risk — scores below the 15th percentile; Some risk — scores between 15th and 40th ...Fort Wayne Community School district utilizes a balanced assessment system to evaluate student progress and to improve student learning. These assessments consist of summative and formative assessments and include assessments at the district, state, and national level. Designed as a critical component of a strong instructional program, the ...The following attachment shows the percentile values for test scores on the following FastBridge assessments: These percentiles were derived from recent norm update, as follows: 2019 update: earlyReading, earlyMath, aReading K-6, aMath K–6, CBMreading, CBMmath, Automaticity 1-3. Finally, note that the tables in this document use rounded whole ...We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. New Progress Monitoring Setup Form. Can I Create Progress Monitoring Groups? New Progress Monitoring Form Email Template; Before Setting up a Progress Monitoring Plan (New Form) 2023-2024 Significant Reading Deficiency (SRD) Cut Scores in Colorado FastBridge . For students in grades K-3, users should report the applicable FastBridge scaled score. Students must exceed the indicated cut score to not be identified as having a Significant Reading Deficiency. SRD on aReading Scale . FallWithin the FastBridge system, any scores collected during the screening period will be color-coded according to school norms (i.e., percentile groups) on the various reports. Scores collected outside of the screening period display in gray on the reports. FastBridge offers a suite of screening assessments, including the following: CBMReadingFAST aReading Scale Score K 93 443 466 480 FAST aReading Scale Score K 94 445 469 481 FAST aReading Scale Score K 95 447 472 482 FAST aReading Scale Score K 96 450 474 485 FAST aReading Scale Score K 97 453 476 487 FAST aReading Scale Score K 98 457 479 491 FAST aReading Scale Score K 99 469 485 499 ©2019. FastBridge Learning. All Rights ...

FASTTM aReading Threshold Levels 2022-2023 Scores in the table are the minimum values needed for a student to be considered “Progressing” toward future reading success. Scores below these numbers indicate a student who is “At Risk” for future reading difficulty. contact the assessment provider directly.. Uncle sam

fastbridge benchmark scores 2022 2023

The SAEBRS and mySAEBRS norms are the basis of the corresponding benchmarks. The benchmarks were created by identifying cut scores from the SAEBRS and mySAEBRS norms. These benchmarks have been defined as follows: Low risk: scores above the 16th national percentile. Some risk: scores from the 3rd to the 16th national percentile.The FastBridge earlyReading assessment is an effective screening tool for schools identifying students who are at-risk readers, including those with dyslexia or other reading disabilities. Using earlyReading supports early identification and intervention efforts for supporting these students.Our Common Core-aligned CBM probes apply cutting-edge research and development on conditional probability. The FAST Projection™ line uses our patent-pending algorithm to deliver actionable data in half the time as other systems. As a result, educators can make modifications to instruction earlier and accelerate student learning faster.FastBridge. Each year, District 15 carefully monitors each child’s academic progress. Part of this monitoring includes using a series of quick, standardized tests using the FastBridge Assessment System. This data, combined with information from other assessments, is used to guide instruction and assess growth.Aug 24, 2023 · Note for 2022-23: Looking for the quick reference document? The document was created by a non-FastBridge/non-IA Department of Education source and will no longer be available due to the lack of capacity to maintain and ensure the accuracy. 2023-2024 Significant Reading Deficiency (SRD) Cut Scores in Colorado FastBridge . For students in grades K-3, users should report the applicable FastBridge scaled score. Students must exceed the indicated cut score to not be identified as having a Significant Reading Deficiency. SRD on aReading Scale . FallOption 2- all or select students: Go to the screening page for the measures (page with the clocks) 1. Click the Individual Benchmark Report button to view the report for all students. 2. Click the box next to the student name (s) then click the Individual Benchmark Report button. This will display the report for only the students with the check ... Dec 14, 2022 · For students with low scores: Compare the scores with student performance on other assessments and activities during remote instruction. If a student’s remote scores are significantly different from other indicators, they are probably not reliable and should not be used for instructional planning. FastBridge benchmarks are still important ... May 30, 2022 · What is illuminate FastBridge? FastBridge is the only universal screening, diagnostic reporting, and progress monitoring tool to combine Computer-Adaptive Testing (CAT) with Curriculum-Based Measures (CBM) for reading, math and social-emotional behavior. A combined offering of reading, math and social-emotional behavior for grades K-12. 2 days ago · FastBridge reports a student’s overall performance on each SAEBRS scale as a sum of item scores within each scale. Scores range from 0-18 for Social Behavior, 0-18 for Academic Behavior, 0-21 for Emotional Behavior, and 0-57 for Total Behavior. The Total Behavior score is calculated by summing the Social Behavior, Academic Behavior, and ... The FastBridge adaptive assessments for reading and math reduce testing time by up to 50-95% when compared with traditional screeners. Our extensive research has enabled the aReading test of 30 to 60 items to replace a traditional test of about 100 items with equal or greater accuracy and actionable results. Fastbridge Scoring Criteria. The FastBridge default Benchmark settings are based on the national norms and. correspond to the following percentile ranges. High Risk: Below the 15th percentile. Some Risk: 15th – 39th percentile. Low Risk: 40th – 99th percentile.This means that districts and open enrollment charters can use either of these tools to conduct the required beginning-of-year literacy screening for the 2022-2023 and 2023-2024 school years. Click on an assessment name below to see more information directly from the publishers about the two Commissioner-approved kindergarten literacy instruments.Aug 9, 2023 · First, click on “Benchmarks & Norms” in the FastBridge tools menu (Figure 2). Figure 2 Next, you will see a screen where you can select one or more assessments and grades (Figure 3). Figure 3 For this example, we will select CBMreading, grade 3 (Figure 4). Figure 4 Then click “search”. In this scenario, the case manager created a possible goal based on monitoring the student using fifth-grade CBMreading passages weekly from 1/8/2023 through 1/8/2024, excluding the summer. By entering the Start Score of 78 and leaving the Weekly Gain (i.e., ROI) amount at the realistic ROI of 1.4, the resulting annual goal for the student is ...Star Diagnostic Report. The Diagnostic report provides assessment data for individual students. It helps teachers identify areas of students’ strengths and weaknesses. The report includes such scores as Scaled Score (SS), Percentile Rank (PR), Instructional Reading Level (IRL), and Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD).FastBridge. Each year, District 15 carefully monitors each child’s academic progress. Part of this monitoring includes using a series of quick, standardized tests using the FastBridge Assessment System. This data, combined with information from other assessments, is used to guide instruction and assess growth.The percentile to RIT charts can be found in Appendix C of the 2020 RIT Scale Norms Study, starting on page 109. Appendix C.1 contains the percentile charts for students, and C.2 contains the percentiles charts for schools. See MAP Growth: Where can I find the Norms Study and related documents? for a link to download the study.Aug 29, 2019 · Ask the Experts: Linking Assessment Results - FastBridge Math Interventions - Dr. Alexis Kiburis (10/22/2019) Preventing Long-Term Reading Problems: Building a Framework for the Early Identification and Intervention of Dyslexia - Sally Grimes Ed.M. Ask the Experts: Screening to Intervention Instruction Plans - Dr. Rachel Brown (9/24/19) .

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